When should a lifeguard implement an emergency action plan (EAP)?

A lifeguard should implement an emergency action plan (EAP) whenever there is an incident requiring immediate response. This approach ensures that appropriate and efficient measures are taken in real-time emergencies, which could involve drowning incidents, medical emergencies, or any other situation that poses a risk to patrons' safety.

The reason for this emphasis on immediate response is that emergencies can escalate quickly, and having a predefined plan helps lifeguards act swiftly and effectively. By activating the EAP at the moment of an incident, lifeguards can coordinate with other staff members, notify emergency services, and provide the necessary first aid or support to those in distress, ultimately improving safety outcomes.

In contrast, the other options do not align with the purpose of an EAP. Implementing it after every swim session or on a fixed monthly schedule would not adequately address unpredictable emergencies as they occur. Additionally, limiting its use to scheduled drills ignores the critical aspect of readiness and being proactive when real situations arise. Thus, activating the EAP during an actual incident is the most appropriate and effective practice.